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A 23-year-old male arrives in your department writhing in agony with flank and loin pain. He has 4++++ blood on dipstick. You wonder whether he has renal colic.
What features in the history are typically related, by patients with renal colic? Can you think of four?
What signs are usually evident? Can you think of three?
What emergency department investigations must be performed? Can you think of four?
List five contraindications to performing an IVU.
What investigation may be performed in these cases?
The IVU reveals obstruction and renal US shows a hydronephrosis. The patient has a white cell count (WCC) of 21 x 109/L. What procedure should be performed as an emergency?