Wee Considerations

According to NICE guidelines, which of the following should prompt you to screen this patient for acute kidney injury?

Please select all that apply.

NICE guidelines recommend (p)RIFLE, AKIN or KDIGO definitions for diagnosing acute kidney injury. Which of the following criteria would, if met, mean that the patient has acute kidney injury?

Please select all that apply.

As part of your workup, you do a bladder scan and find that his bladder is empty after recently voiding for you. Your bloods come back showing a urea of 15 mmol/L and a creatinine of 300 micromol/L. His last urea and creatinine done two weeks ago by the GP is 8 mmol/L and 95 micromol/L respectively.

(This picture shows the kidney of a patient that died with acute kidney injury. Note the pallor of the cortex compared to darker areas of medullary tissue. Image taken from Wikipedia.)

You have no reason to suspect an obstructive cause for this acute kidney injury, so you commence appropriate medical management. You’ve identified the cause of the acute kidney injury to be secondary to hypoperfusion of the kidneys as a result of the patient’s sepsis.

According to NICE guidelines, patients should be referred immediately for consideration of renal replacement therapy if which of the following are not responding to medical management? (Select all that apply)