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Acute dystonia is a movement disorder in which there is a state of abnormal tone produced by slow and sustained contractions of opposing muscle groups.
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Uncommon nerve entrapment syndromes are a group of conditions in which peripheral nerves are damaged through compression or repeated trauma.
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Traumatic neck and back pain are common presentations to the ED.
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Cervical spine injuries are rare but potentially devastating. Immobilisation of the cervical spine on the slightest suspicion of injury is recommended by most resuscitation courses.
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Referred pain into the upper extremities often accompanies neck pain. Referred pain can be the initial symptom of a compressed nerve root by a ruptured disc or stenosis at the foramina from osteophytes.
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In UK ED practice a large group of patients present with musculo-skeletal disorders
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Back pain is common: it is estimated that 60-80% of the population have back pain at some time during their life.