Author: Katie Manning / Editor: Jason Kendall / Reviewer: Grace McKay, Jon Bailey / Codes: A2 / Published: 14/11/2022
This session will cover how to diagnose, assess and manage a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
After completing this session you will be able to:
- Specify the pathophysiology of COPD
- State how a diagnosis of COPD is made
- Assess a patient with COPD presenting to the emergency department with increased breathlessness
- Recall how to safely manage a patient with an exacerbation of COPD in the emergency department
- List the factors which may determine whether the patient requires admission or may be safely discharged home
- Acute exacerbation of COPD
References:
- British Thoracic Society. The burden of lung disease: a statistical report from the British Thoracic Society. 2nd edn. London: British Thoracic Society, 2006.
- Stang P, Lydick E, et al. The prevalence of COPD: using smoking rates to estimate disease frequency in the general population. Chest. 2000 May;117(5 Suppl 2):354S-9S.
- British Lung Foundation. Lost in translation: bridging the communication gap in COPD. London. British Lung Foundation: 2006.
- National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in over 16s: diagnosis and management. NICE guideline [NG115]. 2018.
- Sapey E, Stockley RA. COPD exacerbations 2: Aetiology. Thorax 2006;61:250-258.
- Rennard S. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: definition, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and staging. In: UpToDate, Stoller JK (Ed), UpToDate, Waltham, MA, 2014.
- Wedzicha JA. Exacerbations: etiology and pathophysiologic mechanisms. Chest. 2002 May;121(5 Suppl):136S-141S.
- Donaldson GC, Wedzicha JA. COPD exacerbations .1: Epidemiology. Thorax. 2006 Feb;61(2):164-8.
- Rodrguez-Roisin R. COPD exacerbations.5: management. Thorax. 2006 Jun;61(6):535-44.
- Royal College of Physicians, British Thoracic Society, Intensive Care Society. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: non-invasive ventilation with biphasic positive airways pressure in the management of patients with acute type 2 respiratory failure. Concise Guidance to Good Practice Series, No 11. London, RCP, 2008.
- Lightowler JV, Wedzicha JA, Elliott MW, Ram FS. Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation to treat respiratory failure resulting from exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2003 Jan 25;326(7382):185.
- Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of COPD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). 2022.
- Esteban A, Anzueto A, Frutos F, Ala I, et al. Characteristics and outcomes in adult patients receiving mechanical ventilation: a 28-day international study. JAMA. 2002 Jan 16;287(3):345-55.
- Soler-Catalua JJ, Martnez-Garca MA, et al. Severe acute exacerbations and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax. 2005 Nov;60(11):925-31.
- Roberts CM, Lowe D, Bucknall CE, et al. Clinical audit indicators of outcome following admission to hospital with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax. 2002 Feb;57(2):137-41.