Transfusion reactions range from mild to life threatening, and it is, therefore, important for clinicians to be able to assess, investigate and manage these presentations.
Children commonly present in the ED with stridor. Stridor is a sign of upper airway obstruction. An ED physician must be able to diagnose, initiate treatment, appropriately investigate, anticipate and manage complications.
Dyspnoea is an overall term used to describe an unpleasant awareness of increased respiratory effort and will be used synonymously with "breathlessness" in this session.
Acute dystonia is a movement disorder in which there is a state of abnormal tone produced by slow and sustained contractions of opposing muscle groups.
Angioedema and Urticaria (hives) are part of a spectrum of allergic symptoms and occasionally have a non-allergic aetiology.
Hypoxia is common in patients presenting to the ED and can be life-threatening. The differentials are wide and include cardiac, respiratory and haematological causes
Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening, generalised or systemic hypersensitivity reaction characterised by rapidly developing life threatening airway, breathing and/or circulation problems usually associated with skin and mucosal changes
Children commonly present to the emergency department with a febrile illness and a rash
Patients frequently attend the emergency department (ED) with episodes of cutaneous and mucosal swelling.